Network topologies

The 3 main network topologies:

- Star - All computers and devices are connected to a centrally located hub or switch.
- Bus - All computers and devices are connected in series to a single linear cable called a trunk or sometimes called a backbone.
- Ring - In this topology, all computers and devices are connected to cable that forms a closed loop.

Star

Pros
Better Performance
Isolation of devices
Benefits from centralization

Cons
High dependence on the system
Network size is limited
Wiring up of the system can be very complex

Bus

Pros
Easy to implement and extend
Cheaper than other technologies
Cost effective as only a single cable is used

Cons
Limited cable length and number of stations
Maintenance costs may be higher in the long run
It is slower than the other topologies

Ring

Pros
Very orderly network where every device has access to the token and the opportunity to transmit
Can create much larger network using token ring
Performs better than a star topology under heavy network load

Cons
Moves, adds and changes of devices can affect the network
Much slower than an Ethernet network under normal load
Network adapter cards and MAU’S are much more expensive than Ethernet cards and hubs